# Invoice reconciliation

**Stance:** Reconciliation proves that **financial documents** align with **operations**, **subledgers**, and the **general ledger**—without mutating inventory or movements.

## Invoice vs operations checks

| Check | Intent |
| --- | --- |
| **Billed qty vs shipped/received qty** | Detect billing gaps or premature invoicing (policy-dependent tolerances) |
| **Invoice amount vs PO/receipt value** | Price variance routing (PPV, GRNI remainder) |
| **Open GRNI vs uninvoiced receipts** | Accrual completeness before period close |
| **Credit note vs return receipt** | Return economics tied to physical disposition |

Failures surface as **exception queues**; resolution is **new documents**, **adjustments**, or **operational corrections**—not invoice-driven quantity hacks.

## AP / AR balances

- **AP subledger:** Sum of open vendor invoices ± debit/credit memos = **AP control account** in GL (by segment/currency).
- **AR subledger:** Sum of open customer invoices ± credits = **AR control account**.

**Period-end:** Trial balance control accounts tie to subledger aged listings; immaterial rounding documented once.

## Mismatch handling

| Symptom | Typical cause | Action |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Posted invoice, no journal | Posting failure / stuck job | Replay posting with idempotency; alert |
| Journal, invoice marked not posted | Status bug | Fix workflow state; verify single journal |
| GRNI not clearing | Match failure, wrong receipt link | Remediation match or variance posting |
| AR vs fulfillment revenue mismatch | Recognition policy or duplicate invoice | Credit memo / reversal + investigation |
| Duplicate payment / collection | Operator error | **Reversal** + reapply with audit |

**Ownership:** Finance owns **document and GL** integrity; operations owns **quantities**; platform owns **pipeline** reliability (`operational-financial-reconciliation.md` complements this doc for inventory vs GL).

## Metrics

- Open **issued-not-posted** invoices beyond SLA.
- Match exception backlog count and age.
- Subledger-to-GL variance by tenant/currency.

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## Related documents

- `accounts-payable.md`, `accounts-receivable.md`  
- `invoice-posting.md`  
- `invoice-state-machine.md`  
- `operational-financial-reconciliation.md`